Урок в 10 классе «Проблемы экологии»
Цели урока:
1. Практиковать диалогическую речь учащихся;
2. Обобщить имеющиеся знания по одной из злободневных проблем современности;
3. Повысить мотивацию к изучаемому языку.
4. Развивать умение анализировать, сопоставлять.
5. Воспитывать бережное отношение к природе и окружающей среде.
Ход урока.
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Организационный момент.
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Вступительная речь учителя.
Dear friends. Our lesson we shall devote to one of the most serious problems on the planet.
You know about 250 years ago men lived in harmony with nature, because industry wasn’t much developed. Today however contradiction between man and nature is dramatic.
What can you say about the pollution of water and air?
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Основная часть урока.
Pupil 1: It is very important for life on the Earth. It is in oceans, seas, rivers and lakes. There is much water on our planet and at the same time there is little water on it. It is so because very little water on the Earth is good for drinking. In many rivers and lakes it is very dirty. Some people cannot swim even in the sea because the sea and seaside are not clean. In many places water is not drinkable. It is dangerous to use it when we cook. That’s why it is necessary to install filters for hot and cold water.
Even fish die in such water. For example, Lake Baikal, that is the deepest freshwater lake on the Earth. The lake is very beautiful, but now it is in great danger, you know.
Pupil 2: You are right. You see recently I have read an article from the internet about the problems connected with Lake Baikal. Let me read it.
“Pure water in Baikal”
Everybody visiting Baikal for the first time is given a glass of water directly from the lake. At the Baikal restaurant lake water is served as a local sight. Visitors can look down throw water 20 meters deep and count the stones on the bottom. In this crystal-clear water some 150 types of plant and fish live. Many of them are found nowhere else in the world.
There have been many discussions on Baikal in Russia. Some scientists said that Baikal should be preserved completely. Others wanted to use this reservoir of fresh water for economic purposes. The arguments still go on. But the Baikal timber the processing plant returns its “waste” water to the lake quite pure. It uses modern filtering technique. The Academy of Science and State Planning Committee have prepared a plan to make the southern shore of Baikal into a natural park with camps and tourist centers.
I think it’ll be a good decision of a question and if everything will be done properly the lake will be saved and it’ll be a great victory.
Pupil 3: But nowdays seas are in danger too. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead. The North Sea is following.
More than 40 years ago the Aral Sea was a bright blue sea with a lot of fish. The rivers Amurdarya and Syrdarya supplied it with water. But when the water of the rivers was diverted to cotton plantations as a result, the Aral now is in a very dangerous position. If immediate measures will not be taken the Aral Sea will disappear by the year 2010.
Pupil 4: Another serious problem is the pollution of the atmosphere. Every year world industry throws out into it about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances.
People of many cities suffer from smog. Forests are disappearing. The distruction of the Ozone layer could lead our planet to the global catastrophe. As a result every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect disappears. If nothing is done about it, over one million species will disappear in 20 years from now.
Teacher: The way people live has changed the climate on our planet. Nowdays the temperature is rising. You do not have real Russian winter any more. If the temperature grows by 3-4` (degrees) it will be impossible to live on the planet. And we, people, do a lot of harm to the forests, animals, birds and fish. People cut down the trees to build farms, houses, roads. So many animals and plants lose their homes. The hunters kill animals and birds. This is bad for the Earth. And I think we must do something to save our planet. And what do you think?
Pupil 5: The ecological problem is very serious and important today. And there are a lot of ways we can help to save the Earth. We must never throw glass bottles on the ground, because it will litter the Earth forever. We must not throw aluminum cans and plastic bottles, which last up to 500 years. We must always throw garbage in the garbage can. Litter is not only ugly, but it can be harmful to wild life. Small animals can get hurt on sharp cans or broken bottles.
We should reuse old newspapers, because making newspaper from “old” paper requires less energy than making paper from tree. Besides it will save more trees (500000 trees need to make the newspaper we get every Monday).
All woods are home to animals
We must behave as guests.
We only look and never touch
The birds and rabbits’ nests.
Teacher: You know that April, 22nd is the Earth’s Day. People all over the world celebrate it by doing something useful for the nature. Do you know any kinds of organizations that deal with this problem?
Pupil 6: First of all it is the international convention. It pays much attention to the control of the pollution.
There are some laws and decisions on this important question.
In 1961 the world wild Life Fund was founded. It was a small group of people who wanted to raise money to save animals and plants. It is a large international organization today. It has raised 35 mln. pounds. It has helped 30 animals and birds to survive.
And who has not heard about the organization “The Green Peace”. Its members have the noble aim to keep the planet green and clean.
Teacher: Do you want to add something more about other problems of the protection of the environment?
I think today we spoke much about this problem. Please, sum up everything.
Pupil 7: It’s a noble aim to keep the planet green and cities clean. I’m sure that if only people took care of the environment and of the another they would never need any medical aid and live happily on the Earth, they would protect the nature and make our country richer.
Sure, we must begin to fight air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution. We should take control of the progress to give it a humanistic direction. It would be better for the environment and eventually for you, if you stop going by car, using sprays, eating food in plastic cans, wearing fur coats. Why should we kill animals if we can use the synthetic fur. People also need to be taken care of them too.
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Подведение итогов урока. Выставление оценок.
You are quite right. I think our lesson was useful for you.